UNIT 9: CELL TYPES

1 - Specialized type of nuclear division which forms two identical daughter    
    cells 
    formation

2 - Genaral term for an area of localized cell division

3 - A lateral meristem

4 - Most common cell type found in the cortex

5 - Cell type found in the pith

6 - Cell type which is thin-walled and capable of division

7 - Specialized cell type which is characterized by ingrowths of the membrane  
    and cell walls

8 - Cell type which has a thick primary wall

9 - Cell type found as support cells in celery "strands"

10 - Tissue type which is characterized by thick, lignified cell walls

11 - Elongate cells with thick secondary walls

12 - Cell type commonly associated with bundle caps

13 - Plant which produces fibers used to produce linen

14 - Cell type of stone cells

15 - Non-living cell type which has a support function

16 - Xylem conducting element which has intact end walls

17 - A pattern of wall thickening found in first-formed vessels

18 - Conducting cell type found in the phloem

19 - Cell type which is the primary site of sugar transport

20 - Cell type which produces p-Protein

21 - Enucleate, living conducting cell type

22 - Cell type which is thought to control solute movement in sieve tube cells

23 - Wax produced by epidermal cells

24 - Epidermal cells which contain chlorophyll

25 - Term which includes the cork cambium and it's derivatives

26 - Outer layer produced by the cork cambium

A - Process - cell division involves:
   1 - Division of nucleus - mitosis
   2 - Division of cytoplasm - cytokinesis


B - Location - meristems - localized area of cell
   1 - Cell division
       a - apical - primary tissue
                    Root and stem tip
   2 - lateral meristems - secondary tissues
       a - vascular cambium
       b - cork cambium

C - Cell differentiated on basis of
       a - structure - morphogenesis
       b - chemical - alkaloids, etc.

D - Cell division and cell differentiation
       a - results in cell types
           (1) parenchyma - thin-walled pith, cortex, fleshy fruits,
               wound healing, transfer cells      
       b - collenchyma - thick primary wall, living, strings in celery
       c - sclerenchyma -thick, lignified, secondary walls, support,
           non-living
           (1) fibers - elongate
               hemp, jute
           (2) schereids - store cells, short, thick
       d - xylem - conduction of water and minerals
           (1) vessels - perforate (open end walls) secondary wall 
               thickening patterns - helical, pitted, lack protoplast,
               forms continuous column
           (2) tracheids - have end walls, secondary walls, found in
               Gymnosperms
       e - phloem - food conducting, primarily sucrose
           (1) sieve tube members - sieve plates end wall
               callose, living enucleate, p-protein
           (2) companion cells - contain nucleus, control movement of
               materials into and out of sieve tube members
       f - epidermis - waxy cuticle, no chloroplasts, water-proofing
           (1) guard cells - chloroplasts, transpiration
           (2) trichomes - hairs, cotton, essential oils
       g - periderm - woody plants
           (1) cork - non-living, subersized
           (2) cork cambium - phellogen
           (3) phelloderm - living parenchyma